疲劳

可导致疲倦的生活方式

睡眠不足会对身体有不良影响，让人感觉精疲力竭。建议成人每天晚上至少保持7小时的正常睡眠时间，以达到最佳健康状态。^1,2

睡眠不足会对身体有不良影响，让人感觉精疲力竭。建议成人每天晚上至少保持7小时的正常睡眠时间，以达到最佳健康状态。^1,2

某些药物，例如降血压药、抗忧郁药或抗组胺药物常常会引起疲倦。^4-6

饮食不均衡或饮食不足会导致您感觉倦怠。营养丰富的食物有助于保持精力充沛，避免疲倦。^5,6

导致疲倦的健康状况

慢性疲劳综合征（CFS） 是一种复杂的疾病，会引起极度疲劳、无力、关节和肌肉疼痛、无法恢复精力的睡眠、与 注意力不集中。它无法通过睡眠改善，使日常活动变得很

甲状腺疾病是甲状腺激素分泌异常所致。甲状腺激素分泌过多（甲亢）导致身体的很多机能加快，而甲状腺激素生成不足（甲减）则使身体机能减慢。这两种疾病都会导致疲倦。^8,9

忧郁症是一种严重的情绪障碍，很多忧郁症患者都有疲倦和睡眠模式改变的症状。¹⁰

贫血是身体内没有足够的红细胞将氧气从肺内输送到身体其他部分。因此，您井常会感觉无力、头晕、气促，总是很疲倦。^11,12

睡眠呼吸暂停的特征是睡眠期间呼吸异常，呼吸可能会暂停几秒到几分钟，或出现浅呼吸的时期。由于正常呼吸被中断，导致睡眠质量变差，您醒来后可能会感觉精疲力竭。¹³

糖尿病是血液中的葡萄糖含量过高，而需要葡萄糖的细胞则无法获得足够的葡萄糖。糖尿病会引起疲倦和其他症状，例如，口渴或饥饿，频繁排尿。^14,15

心力衰竭患者的心脏无法正常泵血，供应全身。简单的活动，例如走路或爬楼梯，都会引起精疲力竭和呼吸困难。可能还导致其他症状，例如气促和双足、脚踝、下肢和腹部肿胀。¹⁶

获取帮助

如果您感觉精疲力竭，且持续几周以上，应质询您的医护者。⁵如果您正在管理某种会导致疲倦的健康状况，可咨询您的医疗团队，了解可提高精力的最佳方法。¹⁶

参考

1. 7 and Up: The healthy sleep duration for adults | american academy of sleep medicine [Internet]. Sleepeducation.Org. 2015 [Cited 7 june 2019]. Available from http://sleepeducation.org/healthysleep/seven-and-up-healthy-sleep-duration
2. Watson NF, Badr MS, Belenky G, Bliwise DL, Buxton OM, Buysse D, et al. Recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult: a joint consensus statement of the American academy of sleep medicine and sleep research society. Sleep. 2015;38(6):843-4.
3. Alcohol and fatigue | Harvard health publishing, Harvard medical school [Internet]. health.harvard.edu. 2019 [Cited 7 June 2019]. Available from https://www.health.harvard.edu/mind-and-mood/alcohol-and-fatigue
4. Rosenthal TC, Majeroni BA, Pretorius R, Malik K. Fatigue: an overview. Am Fam physician. 2008;78(10):1173-1179.
5. Fatigue: more than being tired | National Institute on aging [Internet]. Nia.nih.gov. 2016 [Cited 7 June 2019]. Available from https://order.nia.nih.gov/sites/default/files/2018-09/fatigue_0.pdf
6. Fatigue | MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia [Internet]. Medlineplus.gov. 2019 [Cited 7 June 2019]. Available from https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003088.htm
7. Chronic fatigue syndrome | Office on women’s health. US Dept of health and human services [Internet]. womenshealth.gov. 2019 [Cited 7 June 2019]. Available from https://www.womenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/chronic-fatigue-syndrome
8. Thinking about your thyroid | National institute of health department of health and human services [Internet]. newsinhealth.nih.gov. 2015 [Cited 7 June 2019]. Available from https://newsinhealth.nih.gov/2015/09/thinking-about-your-thyroid
9. Hyperthyroidism | American thyroid association [Internet]. thyroid.org. 2019 [Cited 7 June 2019]. Available from https://www.thyroid.org/hyperthyroidism/
10. Depression basics | National institute of mental health: mental health information [Internet]. Nimh.nih.gov. 2016 [Cited 7 June 2019]. Available from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/depression/index.shtml
11. Anemia: also known as iron-poor blood, low blood, tired blood | National heart, lung, and blood Institute: health topics [Internet]. Nhlbi.nih.gov. 2019 [Cited 7 June 2019]. Available from https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/anemia
12. Your guide to anemia | National institute of health: National heart, lung, and blood institute [Internet]. Nhlbi.nih.gov. 2011 [Cited 7 June 2019]. Available from https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/files/docs/public/blood/anemia-yg.pdf
13. Always Tired? You may have sleep apnea| US Food & Drug Administration [Internet]. fda.gov. 2016 [Cited 23 August 2019]. Available from https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/always-tired-you-may-have-sleep-apnea
14. What is diabetes? | National institute of diabetes and digestive and kidney diseases: health information [Internet]. Niddk.nih.gov. 2019 [Cited 7 June 2019]. Available from https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/overview/what-is-diabetes
15. Diabetes symptoms | American diabetes association [Internet]. diabetes.org. 2018 [Cited 7 June 2019]. Available from http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/symptoms/
16. Increasing fatigue | European society of cardiology: heart failure matters warning signs [Internet]. heartfailurematters.org. 2019 [Cited 7 June 2019]. Available from https://www.heartfailurematters.org/en_GB/Warning-signs/Increasing-fatigue